| Product Includes | Product # | Quantity | Color | Storage Temp |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tox/Tox2 Rabbit mAb Coated Microwells | 97519 | 1 ea |
|
+4C |
| Tox/Tox2 Rabbit Detection mAb | 56069 | 1 ea |
|
+4C |
| HRP Diluent | 13515 | 5.5 ml |
|
+4C |
| TMB Substrate | 7004 | 11 ml |
|
+4C |
| STOP Solution | 7002 | 11 ml |
|
+4C |
| Sealing Tape | 54503 | 2 ea |
|
+4C |
| ELISA Wash Buffer (20X) | 9801 | 25 ml |
|
+4C |
| Cell Lysis Buffer (10X) | 9803 | 15 ml |
|
-20C |
*The microwell plate is supplied as 12 8-well modules - Each module is designed to break apart for 8 tests.
Description
The rapid protocol (RP) PathScan RP Tox/Tox2 Sandwich ELISA kit is a solid phase sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that detects endogenous levels of Tox/Tox2 in a reduced assay time of 1.5 hours. Incubation of cell lysates and detection antibody on the coated microwell plate forms a sandwich with Tox/Tox2 in a single step. The plate is then extensively washed and TMB reagent is added for signal development. The magnitude of absorbance for the developed color is proportional to the quantity of Tox/Tox2. Learn more about your ELISA kit options here.
*Antibodies in this kit are custom formulations specific to kit.
Specificity/Sensitivity
Background
Thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box protein (Tox) is a DNA-binding nuclear factor and member of the evolutionarily conserved high-motility group (HMG)-box superfamily. Tox also defines a small subfamily of proteins that include Tox2, Tox3, and Tox4, all of which are highly conserved in vertebrate species but have unique tissue expression patterns and functions (1,2).
Tox plays a key role in T cell development in the thymus during positive selection (3-5). A study in Tox-deficient mice also revealed a requirement for Tox in CD4 T cell and NK cell lineage development, including NKT cells, FoxP3+ T regulatory T cells, and lymphoid tissue-inducer (LTi) cells (6-8). Although Tox expression is primarily restricted to developing immune cells in normal tissues, Tox is induced by high antigen stimulation during chronic viral infection or cancer, regulating T cell persistence and exhaustion (9-12). Tox has also been shown to be aberrantly expressed in cutaneous T cell lymphomas (13-14).
- O'Flaherty, E. and Kaye, J. (2003) BMC Genomics 4, 13.
- Aliahmad, P. et al. (2012) Curr Opin Immunol 24, 173-7.
- Wilkinson, B. et al. (2002) Nat Immunol 3, 272-80.
- Aliahmad, P. et al. (2004) J Exp Med 199, 1089-99.
- Chi, T.H. et al. (2002) Nature 418, 195-9.
- Aliahmad, P. and Kaye, J. (2008) J Exp Med 205, 245-56.
- Aliahmad, P. et al. (2010) Nat Immunol 11, 945-52.
- Yun, S. et al. (2011) Immunol Lett 136, 29-36.
- Page, N. et al. (2018) Immunity 48, 937-950.e8.
- Alfei, F. et al. (2019) Nature 571, 265-9.
- Yao, C. et al. (2019) Nat Immunol 20, 890-901.
- Wang, X. et al. (2019) J Hepatol pii: S0168-8278(19)30301-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.05.015.
- Morimura, S. et al. (2014) Arch Dermatol Res 306, 843-9.
- Huang, Y. et al. (2014) Oncotarget 5, 4418-25.
Background References
Cross-Reactivity Key
H: human M: mouse R: rat Hm: hamster Mk: monkey Vir: virus Mi: mink C: chicken Dm: D. melanogaster X: Xenopus Z: zebrafish B: bovine Dg: dog Pg: pig Sc: S. cerevisiae Ce: C. elegans Hr: horse GP: Guinea Pig Rab: rabbit All: all species expected
Trademarks and Patents
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