Revision 3

#52239Store at -20C

1 Kit

(9 x 20 microliters)

Cell Signaling Technology

Orders: 877-616-CELL (2355) orders@cellsignal.com

Support: 877-678-TECH (8324)

Web: info@cellsignal.com cellsignal.com

3 Trask LaneDanversMassachusetts01923USA
For Research Use Only. Not for Use in Diagnostic Procedures.
Product Includes Product # Quantity Mol. Wt Isotype/Source
Phospho-STING (Ser366) (D7C3S) Rabbit mAb 19781 20 µl 40 kDa Rabbit IgG
STING (D2P2F) Rabbit mAb 13647 20 µl 33, 35 kDa Rabbit IgG
Phospho-IRF-3 (Ser396) (D6O1M) Rabbit mAb 29047 20 µl 45-55 kDa Rabbit IgG
IRF-3 (D6I4C) XP® Rabbit mAb 11904 20 µl 50-55 kDa Rabbit IgG
Phospho-IRAK4 (Thr345/Ser346) (D6D7) Rabbit mAb 11927 20 µl 55 kDa Rabbit IgG
IRAK4 Antibody 4363 20 µl 55 kDa Rabbit 
Phospho-IRF-7 (Ser477) (D7E1W) Rabbit mAb 12390 20 µl 65 kDa Rabbit IgG
IRF-7 (D2A1J) Rabbit mAb 13014 20 µl 65 kDa Rabbit IgG
Cleaved-IL-1β (Asp116) (D3A3Z) Rabbit mAb 83186 20 µl 17 kDa Rabbit IgG
Anti-rabbit IgG, HRP-linked Antibody 7074 100 µl Goat 

Please visit cellsignal.com for individual component applications, species cross-reactivity, dilutions, protocols, and additional product information.

Description

The Innate Immunity Activation Antibody Sampler Kit provides an economical means of detecting the activation of multiple signaling pathways involved in innate immunity using phospho-specific, cleavage-specific, and control antibodies. The kit contains enough primary antibodies to perform at least two western blot experiments.

Storage

Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA, 50% glycerol and less than 0.02% sodium azide. Store at –20°C. Do not aliquot the antibodies.

Background

The innate immune system responds rapidly to pathogens by detecting conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage/danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). There are several families of PRRs. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are transmembrane PRRs and signal through recruitment of adaptor proteins, including MyD88, which leads to recruitment and phosphorylation of IRAK1 and IRAK4, followed by activation of NF-κB and MAP kinases (1-3). Some TLRs also activate IRFs, which upregulate the type I interferon response. Activation of TLR3 and TLR4 results in phosphorylation and activation of IRF-3, while TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 lead to activation of IRF-7 (2, 3). STING is a multi-pass ER transmembrane protein that is activated in response to intracellular DNA downstream of DNA-sensing cytoplasmic PRRs, such as DDX41, or by binding the second messenger cyclic-GMP-AMP (cGAMP) produced by cGAS (4-6). Following activation, STING translocates with TBK1 to perinuclear endosomes, leading to phosphorylation and activation of IRF-3 and NF-κB (7, 8). Following activation and translocation, STING gets phosphorylated by ULK1, resulting in STING inactivation and degradation (9). Inflammasomes are cytoplasmic multimeric protein complexes that assemble in response to PAMPs or DAMPs detected by AIM2 or members of the nod-like receptor (NLR) family, such as NLRP3 (10). Inflammasomes activate Caspase-1, which cleaves the IL-1β and IL-18 precursor proteins into the mature forms (10).

  1. Janssens, S. and Beyaert, R. (2003) Mol Cell 11, 293-302.
  2. Barton, G.M. and Kagan, J.C. (2009) Nat Rev Immunol 9, 535-42.
  3. Blasius, A.L. and Beutler, B. (2010) Immunity 32, 305-15.
  4. Ishikawa, H. and Barber, G.N. (2008) Nature 455, 674-8.
  5. Zhang, Z. et al. (2011) Nat Immunol 12, 959-65.
  6. Sun, L. et al. (2013) Science 339, 786-91.
  7. Zhong, B. et al. (2008) Immunity 29, 538-50.
  8. Ishikawa, H. et al. (2009) Nature 461, 788-92.
  9. Konno, H. et al. (2013) Cell 155, 688-98.
  10. Rathinam, V.A. and Fitzgerald, K.A. (2016) Cell 165, 792-800.

Background References

    Trademarks and Patents

    Cell Signaling Technology is a trademark of Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.
    XP is a registered trademark of Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.
    All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Visit cellsignal.com/trademarks for more information.

    Limited Uses

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    Products are labeled with For Research Use Only or a similar labeling statement and have not been approved, cleared, or licensed by the FDA or other regulatory foreign or domestic entity, for any purpose. Customer shall not use any Product for any diagnostic or therapeutic purpose, or otherwise in any manner that conflicts with its labeling statement. Products sold or licensed by CST are provided for Customer as the end-user and solely for research and development uses. Any use of Product for diagnostic, prophylactic or therapeutic purposes, or any purchase of Product for resale (alone or as a component) or other commercial purpose, requires a separate license from CST. Customer shall (a) not sell, license, loan, donate or otherwise transfer or make available any Product to any third party, whether alone or in combination with other materials, or use the Products to manufacture any commercial products, (b) not copy, modify, reverse engineer, decompile, disassemble or otherwise attempt to discover the underlying structure or technology of the Products, or use the Products for the purpose of developing any products or services that would compete with CST products or services, (c) not alter or remove from the Products any trademarks, trade names, logos, patent or copyright notices or markings, (d) use the Products solely in accordance with CST Product Terms of Sale and any applicable documentation, and (e) comply with any license, terms of service or similar agreement with respect to any third party products or services used by Customer in connection with the Products.