AFP (3H8) Mouse mAb (Alexa Fluor^® 594 Conjugate) #7877

Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry)

A. Solutions and Reagents

NOTE: Prepare solutions with reverse osmosis deionized (RODI) or equivalently purified water.

1. 20X Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS): (9808) To prepare 1L 1X PBS: add 50 ml 20X PBS to 950 ml dH₂O, mix. Adjust pH to 8.0.
2. Formaldehyde: 16%, methanol free, Polysciences, Inc. (cat# 18814), use fresh and store opened vials at 4°C in dark, dilute in 1X PBS for use.
3. Permeabilization Buffer (1X PBS/0.2% Triton X-100):
   To prepare 25 ml, add 2.5 ml 10X PBS, and 22.5 ml dH₂O and mix well. While stirring, add 50 µl Triton X-100.
4. Image-iT™ FX Signal Enhancer (#11932)
5. Blocking Buffer (1X PBS / 5% normal serum / 0.3% Triton™ X-100): To prepare 10 ml, add 0.5 ml normal serum from the same species as the secondary antibody (e.g., Normal Goat Serum (#5425)) and 0.5 mL 20X PBS to 9.0 mL dH₂O, mix well. While stirring, add 30 µl Triton™ X-100.
6. Antibody Dilution Buffer (1X PBS / 1% BSA / 0.3% Triton X-100): To prepare 10 ml, add 30 µl Triton™ X-100 to 10 ml 1X PBS. Mix well then add 0.1 g BSA (9998), mix.
7. Prolong^® Gold AntiFade Reagent (#9071), Prolong^® Gold AntiFade Reagent with DAPI (#8961).

B. Specimen Preparation - Cultured Cell Lines (IF-IC)

NOTE: Cells should be grown, treated, fixed, and stained directly in multi-well plates, chamber slides, or on coverslips.

1. Aspirate liquid, then cover cells to a depth of 2–3 mm with 4% formaldehyde in 1X PBS.
   NOTE: Formaldehyde is toxic, use only in fume hood.
2. Allow cells to fix for 15 minutes at room temperature.
3. Aspirate fixative, rinse three times in 1X PBS for 5 minutes each.
4. Proceed with Immunostaining (Section C).

C. Immunostaining

NOTE: All subsequent incubations should be carried out at room temperature unless otherwise noted in a humid light-tight box or covered dish/plate to prevent drying and fluorochrome fading.

1. Permeabilize the cells in Permeabilization Buffer for 5 minutes at room temperature.
2. Rinse three times in 1X PBS for 5 minutes each.
3. Apply 3–4 drops of Image-iT™ FX Signal Enhancer (#11932) and incubate for 30 minutes at room temperature.
4. Rinse three times with 1X PBS for 5 minutes each.
5. Block specimen in Blocking Buffer for 60 minutes.
6. While blocking, prepare primary antibody by diluting as indicated on product webpage in Antibody Dilution Buffer.
7. Aspirate blocking solution, apply diluted primary antibody.
8. Incubate overnight at 4°C.
9. Rinse three times in 1X PBS for 5 minutes each.
10. Coverslip slides with Prolong^® Gold Antifade Reagent (#9071), Prolong^® Gold AntiFade Reagent with DAPI (#8961).
11. For best results, examine specimens immediately using appropriate excitation wavelength. For long-term storage, store slides flat at 4°C protected from light.