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7170
PathScan® Total Akt1 Sandwich ELISA Kit
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PathScan® Total Akt1 Sandwich ELISA Kit #7170

Citations (1)
Figure 1: Treatment of NIH/3T3 cells with various concentrations of LY294002 blocks PDGF-stimulated phosphorylation of Akt1 at serine 473 detected by PathScan Phospho-Akt1 (Ser473) Sandwich ELISA kit , #7160, but does not affect the level of total Akt1 protein detected by PathScan Total Akt1 Sandwich ELISA kit #7170. OD450 readings are shown in the top figure, while the corresponding Western blot, using Phospho-Akt (Ser473) Antibody #9271 or Akt Antibody #9272, is shown in the bottom figure.
Figure 2: Comparison of sensitivity between sandwich ELISA and Western blot in the detection of recombinant phospho-Akt1 protein, using Akt Antibody #9272. The top figure indicates that, at 0-500 pg of protein, the concentration of phospho-Akt1 is linearly proportional to the OD450 reading from the Sandwich ELISA kit.
Figure 3: Comparison of sensitivity between sandwich ELISA and Western blot in the detection of recombinant nonphospho-Akt1 protein, using Akt Antibody #9272. The top figure indicates that, at 0-1,000 pg of protein, the concentration of nonphospho-Akt1 is linearly proportional to the OD450 reading from the Sandwich ELISA kit.
Figure 4: Linear relationship between protein concentration of lysates from either control NIH/3T3 cells (dotted line) or PDGF-treated NIH/3T3 cells (solid line) and kit assay optical density readings.
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To Purchase # 7170
Cat. # Size Qty. Price
7170C		 1 Kit  (96 assays)

Custom Formulation

Important Ordering Details

Custom Ordering Details:

When ordering five or more kits, please contact us for processing time and pricing.

Looking for this ELISA kit in a 384-well format? Inquire for availability, processing time, and pricing.

Supporting Data

REACTIVITY H M

Application Key:

  • WB-Western Blot
  • IP-Immunoprecipitation
  • IHC-Immunohistochemistry
  • ChIP-Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
  • C&R-CUT&RUN
  • C&T-CUT&Tag
  • DB-Dot Blot
  • eCLIP-eCLIP
  • IF-Immunofluorescence
  • F-Flow Cytometry

Species Cross-Reactivity Key:

  • H-Human
  • M-Mouse
  • R-Rat
  • Hm-Hamster
  • Mk-Monkey
  • Vir-Virus
  • Mi-Mink
  • C-Chicken
  • Dm-D. melanogaster
  • X-Xenopus
  • Z-Zebrafish
  • B-Bovine
  • Dg-Dog
  • Pg-Pig
  • Sc-S. cerevisiae
  • Ce-C. elegans
  • Hr-Horse
  • GP-Guinea Pig
  • Rab-Rabbit
  • All-All Species Expected
Product Includes Volume Solution Color
Akt Rabbit mAb Coated Microwells 96 tests
Akt1 Mouse Detection mAb 1 ea Green (Lyophilized)
Anti-mouse IgG, HRP-linked Antibody (ELISA Formulated) 1 ea Red (Lyophilized)
Detection Antibody Diluent 2 11 ml Green
HRP Diluent 11 ml Red
TMB Substrate 7004 11 ml
STOP Solution 7002 11 ml
Sealing Tape 2 ea
ELISA Wash Buffer (20X) 9801 25 ml
ELISA Sample Diluent 25 ml Blue
Cell Lysis Buffer (10X) 9803 15 ml

Product Description

CST's PathScan® Total Akt1 Sandwich ELISA Kit is a solid phase sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that detects endogenous levels of total Akt1 protein. An Akt Antibody has been coated onto the microwells. After incubation with cell lysates, the Akt protein is captured by the coated antibody. Following extensive washing, Akt1 Mouse Monoclonal Antibody is added to detect the captured total Akt1 protein. Anti-Mouse IgG, HRP-linked Antibody is then used to recognize the bound detection antibody. HRP substrate, TMB, is added to develop color. The magnitude of optical density for this developed color is proportional to the quantity of total Akt1 protein.

*Antibodies in kit are custom formulations specific to kit.

Protocol

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ELISA Colorimetric (Lyophilized)

A. Solutions and Reagents

NOTE: Prepare solutions with purified water.

  1. Microwell strips: Bring all to room temperature before use.
  2. Detection Antibody: Supplied lyophilized as a green colored cake or powder. Add 1.0 ml of Detection Antibody Diluent (green solution) to yield a concentrated stock solution. Incubate at room temperature for 5 min with occasional gentle mixing to fully reconstitute. To make the final working solution, add the full 1.0 ml volume of reconstituted Detection Antibody to 10.0 ml of Detection Antibody Diluent in a clean tube and gently mix. Unused working solution may be stored for 4 weeks at 4°C.
  3. HRP-Linked Antibody*: Supplied lyophilized as a red colored cake or powder. Add 1.0 ml of HRP Diluent (red solution) to yield a concentrated stock solution. Incubate at room temperature for 5 min with occasional gentle mixing to fully reconstitute. To make the final working solution, add the full 1.0 ml volume of reconstituted HRP-Linked Antibody to 10.0 ml of HRP Diluent in a clean tube and gently mix. Unused working solution may be stored for 4 weeks at 4°C.
  4. Detection Antibody Diluent: Green colored diluent for reconstitution and dilution of the detection antibody (11 ml provided).
  5. HRP Diluent: Red colored diluent for reconstitution and dilution of the HRP‑Linked Antibody (11 ml provided).
  6. Sample Diluent: Blue colored diluent provided for dilution of cell lysates.
  7. 1X Wash Buffer: Prepare by diluting 20X Wash Buffer (included in each PathScan® Sandwich ELISA Kit) in purified water.
  8. Cell Lysis Buffer: 10X Cell Lysis Buffer #9803: This buffer can be stored at 4°C for short-term use (1–2 weeks). Recommended: Add 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) immediately before use.
  9. TMB Substrate (#7004).
  10. STOP Solution (#7002).

*NOTE: Some PathScan® ELISA Kits may include HRP-Linked Streptavidin in place of HRP-Linked Antibody.

B. Preparing Cell Lysates

For adherent cells.

  1. Aspirate media when the culture reaches 80–90% confluence. Treat cells by adding fresh media containing regulator for desired time.
  2. Remove media and rinse cells once with ice-cold 1X PBS.
  3. Remove PBS and add 0.5 ml ice-cold 1X Cell Lysis Buffer plus 1 mM PMSF to each plate (10 cm diameter) and incubate the plate on ice for 5 min.
  4. Scrape cells off the plate and transfer to an appropriate tube. Keep on ice.
  5. Sonicate lysates on ice.
  6. Microcentrifuge for 10 min (x14,000 rpm) at 4°C and transfer the supernatant to a new tube. The supernatant is the cell lysate. Store at −80°C in single-use aliquots.

For suspension cells

  1. Remove media by low speed centrifugation (~1200 rpm) when the culture reaches 0.5–1.0 x 106 viable cells/ml. Treat cells by adding fresh media containing regulator for desired time.
  2. Collect cells by low speed centrifugation (~1200 rpm) and wash once with 5–10 ml ice-cold 1X PBS.
  3. Cells harvested from 50 ml of growth media can be lysed in 2.0 ml of 1X Cell Lysis Buffer plus 1 mM PMSF.
  4. Sonicate lysates on ice.
  5. Microcentrifuge for 10 min (x14,000 rpm) at 4°C and transfer the supernatant to a new tube. The supernatant is the cell lysate. Store at −80°C in single-use aliquots.

C. Test Procedure

  1. After the microwell strips have reached room temperature, break off the required number of microwells. Place the microwells in the strip holder. Unused microwells must be resealed and stored at 4°C immediately.
  2. Cell lysates can be undiluted or diluted with Sample Diluent (supplied in each PathScan® Sandwich ELISA Kit, blue color). Individual datasheets for each kit provide a sensitivity curve that serves as a reference for selection of an appropriate starting lysate concentration. The sensitivity curve shows typical kit assay results across a range of lysate concentration points.
  3. Add 100 µl of each undiluted or diluted cell lysate to the appropriate well. Seal with tape and press firmly onto top of microwells. Incubate the plate for 2 hr at 37°C. Alternatively, the plate can be incubated overnight at 4°C.
  4. Gently remove the tape and wash wells:
    1. Discard plate contents into a receptacle.
    2. Wash 4 times with 1X Wash Buffer, 200 µl each time for each well.
    3. For each wash, strike plates on fresh towels hard enough to remove the residual solution in each well, but do not allow wells to completely dry at any time.
    4. Clean the underside of all wells with a lint-free tissue.
  5. Add 100 µl of reconstituted Detection Antibody (green color) to each well (refer to Section A, Step 2). Seal with tape and incubate the plate at 37°C for 1 hr.
  6. Repeat wash procedure (Section C, Step 4).
  7. Add 100 µl of reconstituted HRP-Linked secondary antibody (red color) to each well (refer to Section A, Step 3). Seal with tape and incubate the plate for 30 min at 37°C.
  8. Repeat wash procedure (Section C, Step 4).
  9. Add 100 µl of TMB Substrate to each well. Seal with tape and incubate the plate for 10 min at 37°C or 30 min at 25°C.
  10. Add 100 µl of STOP Solution to each well. Shake gently for a few seconds.

NOTE: Initial color of positive reaction is blue, which changes to yellow upon addition of STOP Solution.

  1. Read results.
    1. Visual Determination: Read within 30 min after adding STOP Solution.
    2. Spectrophotometric Determination: Wipe underside of wells with a lint-free tissue. Read absorbance at 450 nm within 30 min after adding STOP Solution.

posted November 2013

Protocol Id: 204

Specificity / Sensitivity

CST's PathScan® Total Akt1 Sandwich ELISA Kit detects endogenous levels of Akt1 including phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated. Inhibition of phosphorylation of Akt at serine 473 by LY294002 in NIH/3T3 cells is detected by PathScan Phospho-Akt1 (Ser473) Sandwich ELISA kit , #7160, while the level of total Akt1 protein detected by this ELISA kit #7170 is unchanged, as seen in Figure 1. Similar results have also observed in Jurkat cells (data not shown). This ELISA kit does not detect related kinases, such as PKC and p70 S6 kinase. This kit detects proteins from the indicated species, as determined through in-house testing, but may also detect homologous proteins from other species.

Background

Akt, also referred to as PKB or Rac, plays a critical role in controlling cell survival and apoptosis (1-3). This protein kinase is activated by insulin and various growth and survival factors to function in a wortmannin-sensitive pathway involving PI3 kinase (2,3). Akt is activated by phospholipid binding and activation loop phosphorylation at Thr308 by PDK1 (4) and by phosphorylation within the carboxy terminus at Ser473. The previously elusive PDK2 responsible for phosphorylation of Akt at Ser473 has been identified as mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in a rapamycin-insensitive complex with rictor and Sin1 (5,6). Akt promotes cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis through phosphorylation and inactivation of several targets, including Bad (7), forkhead transcription factors (8), c-Raf (9), and caspase-9. PTEN phosphatase is a major negative regulator of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway (10). LY294002 is a specific PI3 kinase inhibitor (11). Another essential Akt function is the regulation of glycogen synthesis through phosphorylation and inactivation of GSK-3α and β (12,13). Akt may also play a role in insulin stimulation of glucose transport (12). In addition to its role in survival and glycogen synthesis, Akt is involved in cell cycle regulation by preventing GSK-3β-mediated phosphorylation and degradation of cyclin D1 (14) and by negatively regulating the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p27 Kip1 (15) and p21 Waf1/Cip1 (16). Akt also plays a critical role in cell growth by directly phosphorylating mTOR in a rapamycin-sensitive complex containing raptor (17). More importantly, Akt phosphorylates and inactivates tuberin (TSC2), an inhibitor of mTOR within the mTOR-raptor complex (18,19).

  1. Franke, T.F. et al. (1997) Cell 88, 435-7.
  2. Burgering, B.M. and Coffer, P.J. (1995) Nature 376, 599-602.
  3. Franke, T.F. et al. (1995) Cell 81, 727-36.
  4. Alessi, D.R. et al. (1996) EMBO J 15, 6541-51.
  5. Sarbassov, D.D. et al. (2005) Science 307, 1098-101.
  6. Jacinto, E. et al. (2006) Cell 127, 125-37.
  7. Cardone, M.H. et al. (1998) Science 282, 1318-21.
  8. Brunet, A. et al. (1999) Cell 96, 857-68.
  9. Zimmermann, S. and Moelling, K. (1999) Science 286, 1741-4.
  10. Cantley, L.C. and Neel, B.G. (1999) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96, 4240-5.
  11. Vlahos, C.J. et al. (1994) J Biol Chem 269, 5241-8.
  12. Hajduch, E. et al. (2001) FEBS Lett 492, 199-203.
  13. Cross, D.A. et al. (1995) Nature 378, 785-9.
  14. Diehl, J.A. et al. (1998) Genes Dev 12, 3499-511.
  15. Gesbert, F. et al. (2000) J Biol Chem 275, 39223-30.
  16. Zhou, B.P. et al. (2001) Nat Cell Biol 3, 245-52.
  17. Navé, B.T. et al. (1999) Biochem J 344 Pt 2, 427-31.
  18. Inoki, K. et al. (2002) Nat Cell Biol 4, 648-57.
  19. Manning, B.D. et al. (2002) Mol Cell 10, 151-62.
  20. Harris, S.L. et al. (2005) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102, 16297-302.

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PathScan is a registered trademark of Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.
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