| Cat. # | Size | Qty. | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8348T | 1 Kit (9 x 20 microliters) |
|
| Product Includes | Quantity | Applications | Reactivity | MW(kDa) | Isotype |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MDA-5 (D74E4) Rabbit mAb 5321 | 20 µl |
|
H M | 135 | Rabbit IgG |
| Rig-I (D14G6) Rabbit mAb 3743 | 20 µl |
|
H M R Hm Mk | 102 | Rabbit IgG |
| MAVS Antibody 3993 | 20 µl |
|
H | 75, 52 | Rabbit |
| IRF-3 (D6I4C) XP® Rabbit mAb 11904 | 20 µl |
|
H Mk | 50-55 | Rabbit IgG |
| TBK1/NAK (D1B4) Rabbit mAb 3504 | 20 µl |
|
H M R Mk | 84 | Rabbit IgG |
| Phospho-TBK1/NAK (Ser172) (D52C2) XP® Rabbit mAb 5483 | 20 µl |
|
H M | 84 | Rabbit IgG |
| Phospho-IRF-3 (Ser396) (4D4G) Rabbit mAb 4947 | 20 µl |
|
H M | 45-55 | Rabbit IgG |
| Phospho-IKKε (Ser172) (D1B7) Rabbit mAb 8766 | 20 µl |
|
H | 80 | Rabbit IgG |
| IKKε (D20G4) Rabbit mAb 2905 | 20 µl |
|
H | 80 | Rabbit IgG |
| Anti-rabbit IgG, HRP-linked Antibody 7074 | 100 µl |
|
Goat |
Product Information
Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues at the carboxy terminus of human MAVS protein. Polyclonal antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography. Monoclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Arg470 of human MDA-5 protein, Lys652 of human Rig-I protein, Ser645 of human TBK1/NAK protein, Val345 of human IKKε protein, or recombinant human IRF-3 protein. Activation state monoclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic phosphopeptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ser172 of human TBK1/NAK protein, Ser396 of human IRF-3 protein, or Ser172 of human IKKε protein.
Antiviral innate immunity depends on the combination of parallel pathways triggered by virus detecting proteins in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family and RNA helicases, such as Rig-I (retinoic acid-inducible gene I) and MDA-5 (melanoma differentiation-associated antigen 5), which promote the transcription of type I interferons (IFN) and antiviral enzymes (1-3). TLRs and helicase proteins contain sites that recognize the molecular patterns of different virus types, including DNA, single-stranded RNA (ssRNA), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), and glycoproteins. These antiviral proteins are found in different cell compartments; TLRs (i.e. TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9) are expressed on endosomal membranes and helicases are localized to the cytoplasm. Rig-I expression is induced by retinoic acid, LPS, IFN, and viral infection (4,5). Both Rig-I and MDA-5 share a DExD/H-box helicase domain that detects viral dsRNA and two amino-terminal caspase recruitment domains (CARD) that are required for triggering downstream signaling (4-7). Rig-I binds both dsRNA and viral ssRNA that contains a 5'-triphosphate end not seen in host RNA (8,9). Though structurally related, Rig-I and MDA-5 detect a distinct set of viruses (10,11). The CARD domain of the helicases, which is sufficient to generate signaling and IFN production, is recruited to the CARD domain of the MAVS/VISA/Cardif/IPS-1 mitochondrial protein, which triggers activation of NF-κB, TBK1/IKKε, and IRF-3/IRF-7 (12-15).
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